The current design aims of submarine hvac systems have. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 14. The use of refrigeration, either directly or as part of an air conditioning system, is essential to almost every branch of industry. There is a need for practitioners to familiarise themselves with the general principles and methods of refrigeration and air conditioning, and the types of. This document describes the process of upgrading the eci energy controls international rc and erc store controller systems. Currently, air conditioning consumes about onesixth of the annual national. Contents this brochure assists you in selecting the right instruments. In the past, this was done by collecting ice in the winter and using its specific heat to cool as the ice melted. As a utilitiesman, one of your duties will be to install, operate, maintain, and repair airconditioning systems to provide the required comfort in working spaces.
Ideal as evaporators and condensers for onboard refrigeration systems, alfa laval semiwelded plate heat exchangers are the smallest, lightest, most efficient cooling units on the market. At a lower temperature, molecular motion slows down and the growth of bacteria that causes food spoilage also retards. Training 338 34 efficiency and economy in operation 351 35 catalogue selection 357. Control cabinet airconditioning and ventilation system for class 212a submarines.
Although reciprocating compressors have been the standard for decades, systems. Air conditioning, or hvacr, is an active, rapidly developing technology. Discuss the criteria used for selection of air conditioning systems. Also covered in this chapter are the methods used for installing, maintaining, and repairing refrigeration equipment, including domestic refrigerators and freezers. Refrigeration and read xenocide online pdf air conditioning technology, 6th edition, william c. Apart from the described products for refrigeration and airconditioning applications, we offer a comprehensive standard program for the measurement of pressure, temperature and level. Once of these laws state that heat always flows from a material at a high temperature to a material at a low temperature. The refrigeration plants on merchant vessels play a vital part in carrying refrigerated cargo and provisions for the crew on board. Without air conditioning people tire easily and feel lethargic, resulting in low morale and productivity. Now you can also download the book refrigeration and air conditioning by c p arora the book covers following topics 1. The plant and equipment must be compact enough to be ac.
There is a need for practitioners to familiarise themselves with the general principles and methods of refrigeration and air conditioning, and the types of plant and operation currently in use. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 5. Knowing the temperature difference across the coils, the amperage, and the airflow all give the technician vital information. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 19. The freon 12 refrigerant cycle in the airconditioning system is the same as that in the refrigeration system. Troubleshooting and servicing modern air conditioning and refrigeration systems by john tomczyk 4. Jul 16, 2014 marine refrigeration and air conditioning 2. Freon 12 has a few disadvantages, but they are far outweighed by its advantages.
Pdf naval refrigeration applications are similar to a highrise building, only laid on its side. Document resume ed 251 645 ce 040 232 author henderson, william edward, jr. Unit 3 refrigeration and air conditioning science of providing and maintaining temperatures below that of surroundings introduction to refrigeration the term refrigeration. This warming and cooling of the air is usually referred to as winter and summer air conditioning. And air conditioning rac system from a nonflammable refrigerant to use. Folks, submarine refrigeration and air conditioning systems, navpers 16163, is one of a series of submarine training manuals that was completed just after ww ii. This book is an introduction to the general principles and practices of refrigeration and air conditioning, aiming to give an understanding of the possibilities and limitations of those processes. Folks, submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems, navpers 16163, is one of a series of submarine training manuals that was completed just after ww ii. Materials as printouts and additionally also as pdf files. Recognize the characteristics and procedures required to service and troubleshoot rcfri gerat ion systems. Design of the control cabinet housing in amagnetic and emcprotected form. Referigerating machine and reversed carnot cycle 2. Publication date 20804 topics refrigeration conditioning collection.
The series describes the peak of ww ii us submarine technology. Automatic controls and compressors for refrigeration. Mechanical refrigeration works by changing the the majority of heat is removed from the the majority of the works by removedchanging the absorbed heat is state of the refrigerant. Mechanical refrigeration is used onboard in many ways, including refrigerated ships stores, air conditioning, and refrigerated cargo storage areas.
When 1 pound of ice melts, it absorbs 144 btu, as latent energy. Thermodynamics second law can help us better understand how the basic refrigeration cycle works. To get an idea of the scope of information the manual covers, open the table of contents and chapter 1 pdf file. The danfoss product range for the refrigeration and air. The single duct systems can provide either cooling or heating using the same duct, but not both. A complete marine refrigeration manual thats packed with. Apart from the described products for refrigeration and air conditioning applications, we offer a comprehensive standard program for the measurement of pressure, temperature and level. Air conditioning and refrigeration troubleshooting handbook pdf title of the book. It is an ebook for people who are involved in training and.
In general, the mechanical circuit of equipment is. Introduction to refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Control cabinet air conditioning and ventilation system for class 212a submarines. Guide for air conditioning, refrigeration, and heating. Pdf performance verification of the airconditioning system in a. This article discusses corrosion control in marine refrigeration systems, but similar methodologies to control cor. Fundamentals of mechanical refrigeration systems course content introduction mechanical refrigeration is a thermodynamic process of removing heat from a lower temperature heat source or substance and transferring it to a higher temperature heat sink.
Submarine refrigerated space refrigerant piping and evaporator coils are made of copper. Welcome to the manual for refrigeration servicing technicians. Describe the stages of heat theory and the principles involved in heat transfer, and recognize various components of refrigeration systems and their application. Purchase refrigeration and air conditioning 4th edition.
Air conditioning technology, which describes a subarea of supply technology. The cooling equipment of submarines consists of two. Our brazed plate heat exchangers are designed and fully optimized for onboard airconditioning and refrigeration duties. In a submarine, only a few cubic feet of space are available for airconditioning machinery, and the cooling capacity is of necessity limited. He also is a monthly columnist for air conditioning, heating and refrigeration news magazine. Refrigeration air conditioning technology 6th edition pdf. Refrigeration and air conditioning technology gunt hamburg. Rev pages chapter 9 refrigerants, refrigeration cycles, and. Refrigeration and air conditioning technology, 7th edition. In the first design stage the air conditioning cooling power is estimated. Air conditioning and refrigeration books free download. The marine refrigeration manual well discuss on this page is a government manual from the late 90s. The test was carried out by the german army quality assurance service including the shock test of the prototype at the military service center for ships and naval weapons, maritime. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 7.
At the lowpressure point of its refrigeration cycle, it operates at pressures only slightly above atmospheric pressure, thus reducing the possibility of air entering the system in the event of leakage. Phase i final rule and technical development document of. Project 633 was a further development of the soviet navys postwar 611 and 6 whiskeyclass designs. Comprehensive, practical guide to refrigeration and air conditioning principles and servicing. Refrigeration and air conditioning is the subject which deals with the techniques to control the environments of the living and nonliving subjects and thus provide them comforts to enable them to perform better and have longer lives. One of the large energy consumers in a conventional submarine is. Manual for refrigeration servicing introduction technicians. Purchase refrigeration and airconditioning 4th edition. The project was undertaken by lazurit central design bureau of gorky only 20 of the soviet unions originally intended 56 were completed between october 1957 and the end of december 1961 because of the introduction of the nuclear submarine into the soviet navy. Ract refrigeration and air conditioning technology. The use of refrigeration, either directly or as part of an airconditioning system, is essential to almost every branch of industry.
In a submarine, only a few cubic feet of space are available for air conditioning machinery, and the cooling capacity is of necessity limited. As i have mentioned in the residential air conditioners section, air conditioning the refrigeration cycle is a process. Air conditioning and refrigeration industry onet codes 499031. Mechanical refrigeration is used onboard in many ways, including refrigerated ships stores, airconditioning, and refrigerated cargo storage areas. Modern refrigeration and air conditioning by eng mahmoud. Without it, distribution of food to urban areas may not be possible. Uscg vessels also produce refrigeration and ac condensate, and use specifications similar to the navy for refrigeration and ac units. He is also author of an epaapproved technician certification program manual and a universal r410a safety and retrofitting training manual.
A separate subsystem controls the amount of od air supplied. Heat recovery 320 31 control systems 324 32 commissioning 333 33 operation. Pdf refrigeration modeling components in openstudio, mark. When seawater is utilized, our range of marine shell and tube condensers are the ideal solution. Pdf performance verification of the airconditioning. Air conditioning and refrigeration martins marine engineering page. Although corrosion can affect production in commercial applications, in naval warships and submarines, corrosion can affect the crews survival. Handbook of air conditioning and refrigeration authors. It should be clearly understood that the purpose of the air conditioning system is not to cool the submarine as a whole. Air conditioning and refrigeration helps you understand todays cooling and climate control systemsso expertly that you can use it as the foundation for a career. Alfa laval brine air unit coolers are the energy efficient choice for cargo refrigeration systems onboard reefers and other vessels. Control cabinet air conditioning ventilation for submarine. Air conditioning for space or machines split air conditioners fan coil units in a larger system air handling units in a larger system 1.
In this online version of the manual we have attempted to keep the flavor of the original layout while taking advantage of the webs universal accessibility. Introduction psychometrics heat and moisture transfer. Title artculated, performancebased instruction objectives. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems. Construction and working of ships refrigeration plant.
Pdf performance verification of the airconditioning system. Stressing stateoftheart techniques, the book draws on fieldtested training. Refrigerants and the refrigeration system determine the pressures. Objectives after studying this unit, you should be able to know what is refrigeration and air conditioning. Books by john tomczyk author of refrigeration and air. Army watercraft have no collection or discharge of condensate from refrigeration or air conditioning systems. Marine refrigeration and air conditioning introduces this complicated subject in a detailed, straightforward manner. It should be clearly understood that the purpose of the airconditioning system is not to cool the submarine as a whole. Sep 27, 2015 refrigeration and air conditioning, 4th edition 1.
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